With a diagnosis of a diabetes it is impossible to say good bye for this disease forever. It to not be treated and with it it is necessary to learn to live correctly – to observe necessary recommendations, to support the organism with special procedures.
Sometimes the diabetes proceeds imperceptibly and has not an effect. But nevertheless the certain symptoms are shown sooner or later. Or it reveal casually at inspection, what or other disease.
Besides that, a diabetes could be different, it depends on on the form of a diabetes as well as on a personal condition of every organism. The basic and most popular symptoms at a diabetes are:
1. Sensation of weakness or weariness.
2. Fast fatigue.
3. Dizziness.
4. Frequent urination.
5. Frequent feeling of thirst.
6. Infringement of sight, not clear sight.
7. Fast loss of weight.
8. Temperature drop of a body below an average mark.
9. Spasms of gastrocnemius muscles, numbness and tingling in finitenesses.
10. Slow treatment from infectious diseases and healing of wounds.
It should be also mentioned that symptoms at a diabetes of 1 type differ from symptoms at 2 type. At a diabetes of 1-st type following symptoms are possible: frequent urination, thirst, a nausea, vomiting, loss of weight, weakness, constant feeling of famine, irritation.
Characteristic symptom for children of 1 type sick of a diabetes - night incontinentia urine (it is necessary to pay attention if before it it was not observed).
At a diabetes of 2-th types are observed: an itch, drowsiness, skin infections, slow healing of wounds, numbness legs, loss of hair on legs, an inflammation of an extreme flesh. This type of disease begins more often after 40 years (at mature age), and it is connected with a wrong feed.
If there are similar symptoms it is better to hand over the analysis of blood and urine on the maintenance of sugar. The high level of sugar of blood and presence of sugar in urine as is one of symptoms of disease.
Special diet at a diabetes.
In official medicine it is accepted to differentiate a feed of patients strict diets. They are designated by numbers. A sick diabetes register a diet №9. Certainly, in any diet there are certain specific features, but nevertheless main principles should be observed. This diet is appointed with objective of normalization of a carbohydrate exchange, and the prevention of infringement of a fatty exchange. As to define endurance to carbohydrates, i.e. what quantity of carbohydrates of food is acquired.
Thursday, April 16, 2009
Symptoms of a diabetes and what diet should be at a diabetes?
Migraine
Migraine is repeating attacks of a sharp headache, usually unilateral and pulsing which proceed from 4 to 72 hours. A migraine is rather widespread disease, is not connected with race, a place of residing or a climate.
Women are ill more often, than men, in the ratio 4:1. Attacks of a migraine appear at teenage and youthful age, in the course of time tend to disappear (men after 45 years, women close to menopause period). There are two basic types of a migraine:
1. The usual migraine also known as a migraine without aura
2. The classical migraine also known as a migraine with aura
In most cases the aura designates the symptoms causing frustration of sight. Other symptoms connected with aura, - frustration of hearing and other feelings, confusion, impellent and mental frustration. The stage of aura usually lasts from 4 to 60 minutes. (i.e. migraines with aura) suffer from a classical migraine approximately 15 % of all patients.
The reasons of a migraine
Symptoms of a migraine are caused by change of blood vessels of a brain, however the reason of occurence is unknown. Approximately 70 % of patients have family predisposition to a migraine. Also occurrence of a migraine is promoted by following factors: stress, a nervous and physical overstrain, food factors (cheese, chocolate, nuts, a fish), alcohol (more often beer and red wine, champagne), the hormonal reasons (perios, reception of contraceptives), sleep (lack or surplus), weather factors (change of weather, change of climatic conditions).
Symptoms of a migraine
In general the migraine is shown by the sharp, accrueing pulsing pain localized in one half of a skull. Other symptoms of a migraine:
* the Raised light sensitivity and to sounds
* Vomiting
* the Nausea
* Drowsiness
* the General weakness
* Infringement of impellent functions
* Infringements of sight (flashes, zigzags, spirals etc).
During migraines shoot the light and sounds around can be intolerably irritating, and movement can hurt. Attacks of a migraine begin suddenly, however in some cases of patients can feel weariness, depression or insuperable bent for sweet.
As the sharp headache can be a symptom of other diseases, it is necessary to address to the doctor if the pain does not weaken during 24 hours and is accompanied by rise in temperature or occurrence rigidity cervical muscles. Also it is necessary to address for medical assistance if the headache is accompanied by unusual symptoms.
Preventive maintenance of a migraine
Some factors can promote occurrence of a migraine, therefore they are recommended to be avoided. The following concern to such factors:
* Stress and depression
* Undereating or famine
* Smoking
* Foodstuff (cheese, chocolate, nuts, a fish, the Chinese meal and bananas)
* Lack or surplus of a dream
* the Drinks containing caffeine (coffee, tea and cola)
* Alcohol, especially red wine
* Reception of contraceptives
* Travel - flights and the frustration of biorhythms connected with them
* Change of a climate and habitual conditions
* Hormonal variations at women (during pregnancy, period or a climax)
Sometimes it's difficult to define the reasons causing a migraine - frequently it not one factor but their combination. However even the detected trigger can cause only some attacks of a migraine but not all of them. Also, the rist factors are all individual.
Diagnostics of a migraine
For diagnostics of a migraine it is enough to therapist to learn about symptoms and frequency of attacks. Also spend inspection and appoint some analyses.
Also the doctor can advise to keep a diary within 2-3 months to track the scheme of occurrence of attacks. If in a migraine the certain scheme is traced, it specifies action of the certain factors.
Treatment of a migraine
If you feel approach of a migraine, immediately stop all activities, lye down in a dark room where is no street noise, and take a tablet of paracetamol or aspirin. If these measures will appear inefficient, the doctor can appoint other medical products. This medicines are effective if to accept them right at the beginning of an attack, especially if the headache is accompanied by a nausea.
If migraines bother you time or two in a week, the doctor will appoint a medicine for preventive maintenance.
If the migraine arises under action of the certain factor, is better to avoid this factor in the future.
Neuralgia of a figurative nerve
The neuralgia results from traumas, the intoxications caused by diseases of a liver, kidneys, malignant tumors, salts of heavy metals, bacterial toxins, alcohol, metabolic infringements at a diabetes, chronic processes in a gastroenteric path, etc. Can develop at a flu, a malaria, a tuberculosis to be the first clinical display of infectious-allergic process in nervous system. The certain role in occurrence plays Neuralgias hypoxic factor, for example at atherosclerotic defeat of vessels, other diseases of cardiovascular system, anemias. In some cases the reason of the Neuralgia to establish it is not possible.
The attack-like pain extends on a course of a nervous trunk or its branches. The pain can be sharp, shooting, tearing, to be accompanied by sensation of burning. There are attacks spontaneously or at movements, under influence of a touch, overcooling of an emotional overstrain. Localization hurt corresponds to a zone of a innervation the certain nerve, characteristic painful points, for example points the Point, Bekhterev often come to light.
Features of clinical displays depend on localization of process.
The neuralgia of a trigeminal nerve can be result of a trauma of the person, the transferred inflammation of bosoms of the nose, a sick teeth (pulpitises), even a wrong bite. An attack hurt at a neuralgia of a trigeminal nerve can arise at any moment: as reaction to hot or cold food, to loud sounds, too bright light, even during cleaning a teeth. The attack begins with occurrence of "harbingers" - an itch, sensation of a “creeping”, and is then shown in the form of sharp, "shooting", up to tears of a pain which lasts no more pairs of minutes. In attempt to wait an attack, the person fades on seat, questions answers tersely, hardly slightly opening a mouth.
Treatment of a neuralgia
To removal of an attack of a neuralgia apply or a complex analginum + amidopyrine or carbamazepine. By the way, in opinion of some doctors, strong irritation all of the same zones during an attack, can stop it.
The range of methods of treatment of a neuralgia is rather wide - from physiotherapy up to surgical measures (when do not help medicines). The good effect in treatment of a neuralgia gives application of acupuncture, pulse currents of a low pressure and low frequency, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, infra-red and ultra-violet radiation, ultrasound, electrophoresis medicinal substances.
Mammography
Mammogaphy is a x-ray research of a mammary gland. Occurs from a word «mammo» — a mammary gland and «graphy» — record.
What for mammography is needed?
Mammography is one of the basic diagnostic procedures in diagnostics of diseases of a mammary gland, first of all, a cancer of a mammary gland, fibrocystic illnesses, fibroma and fibroadenomas.
The mammography can be used as at presence of complaints or presence of the suspicious symptoms defined by the doctor, and as a screening method. Screening is a method of early revealing of the malignant tumours, based on regular inspection of women. Screening is a mass method, in an ideal all women after the certain age should be exposed by mammography. Only thus it is possible to reveal in most cases tumours at an early stage. It in turn affects both volume of treatment and on life expectancy.
How the mammography helds?
A mammographer has small supports on which it is necessary to have a mammary gland. From above the mammary gland is pressed down by a special plate then the picture of a mammary gland is carried out. The picture is carried out, as a rule, in two projections precisely to define the location of pathological formation.
Mammography is a not painful research. At presence of pains in mammary glands at mammography there can be unpleasant sensations connected with a compression of mammary glands.
What quality of the mammography depends on?
Quality of a picture depends, first of all, on the equipment — a mammographer etc., and also from quality of a film. Quality of the conclusion depends on qualification of the expert.
Whether it is possible to pass the mammography "just in case"?
It is possible and is necessary. Carrying out mammography allows to reveal tumours of a mammary gland early. It refers to as screening. The mammography is recommended usually after 40 years, after 45–50 years annual mammography procedure is recommended.
Cystitis. Treatment of a cystitis
What is the cystitis?
The cystitis is an inflammation of a mucous membrane of a bladder. According to, about 20 % of women transfer this or that form of a cystitis, and 10 % of women suffer a chronic cystitis.
Complaints at a cystitis:
* Pains an the bottom of a stomach, in suprapubic areas.
* the Speeded up desires to urinarion.
* Emission wet in the small portions.
* Burning in the field of external genitals.
The reasons of occurrence of a cystitis.
In 80 % of cases the cystitis causes family of intestinal bacteria which get in a bladder ascending by through a urethra. It is promoted by some reasons. One of the most significant – features of an anatomic structure of bodies of urinogenital system of the woman:
- Short (2-5 sm) and the wide urethra is a good conductor for microorganisms.
- In immediate proximity from a urethra there is a vagina and a direct gut densely occupied by microorganisms.
- microorganisms can get in a bladder with a current of blood, a lymph from the remote centers of a chronic inflammation.
Cystitises of the allergic nature, and also caused are known for toxic and not infectious components, but there are they much less often.
But one penetration of microorganisms into a bladder insufficiently that inflammatory process has begun. Decrease in immunity as consequence of overcooling, hypovitaminosis, overfatigue, tool interventions on a bladder (cannulation, for example), conducts to destruction of a blanket. Bacteria are attached directly to cells of a mucous membrane of a bladder and cause its inflammation.
Progress of an inflammation is assisted also with the stagnation of blood circulation arising in a wall of a bladder and in a small basin because of a sedentary way of life, carrying of close clothes.
Treatment of a cystitis.
After carrying out of inspection the doctor-urologist makes the program of treatment into which antibacterial and anti-inflammatory preparations enter, medicines normalizing microblood circulation in walls of a bladder, physiotherapeutic procedures.
Wrong, untimely treatment of a cystitis leads to chronic current of disease. Pains and unpleasant sensation thus become dull, or leave, but inflammatory process remains in the faded condition. In the further there are frequent aggravations which all give in to treatment more difficultly and more difficultly.
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
What is Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome?
This video made by one girl who has Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. That's perfectly describes this disease. Have a look.
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome is a form of Dysautonomia. It is a life altering condition that results in a variety of symptoms; the most common being low blood pressure (orthostatic intolerance) and a high heart rate.
To find out more, watch the video!
I did my best to include as much information as possible - there was so much I wanted to say that it ended up being over ten minutes which is why there are two parts! :) My next videos will be more about my life and how POTS affects me.
Picks disease
Definition
Pick's disease is a rare and permanent form of dementia that is similar to Alzheimer's disease, except that it tends to affect only certain areas of the brain.
Alternative Names
Semantic dementia; Dementia - semantic; Frontotemporal dementia; Arnold Pick's diseaseCauses
People with Pick's disease have abnormal substances (called Pick bodies and Pick cells) inside nerve cells in the damaged areas of the brain.
Pick bodies and Pick cells contain an abnormal form of a protein called tau. This protein is found in all nerve cells. But some people with Pick's disease have an abnormal amount or type of this protein.
The exact cause of the abnormal form of the protein is unknown. A gene for the disease has not yet been found. Most cases of Pick's disease are not passed down through families.
Pick's disease is rare. It is more common in women than men. It can occur in people as young as 20, but usually begins between ages 40 and 60. The average age at which it begins is 54.
Symptoms
The disease can get worse slowly. Tissues in the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain start to shrink over time. Symptoms such as behavior changes, speech difficulty, and impaired thinking occur slowly, but continue to get worse.
The early personality changes can help doctors tell Pick's disease apart from Alzheimers. Memory loss is often the main, and earliest, symptom of Alzheimer's.
People with Pick's disease tend to behave the wrong way in different social settings. The changes in behavior continue to get worse and are often one of the most disturbing symptoms of the disease. Some patients will have difficulty with language (trouble finding or understanding words or writing).
General symptoms are listed below.
Behavioral changes:
- Can't keep a job
- Compulsive behaviors
- Inappropriate behavior
- Inability to function or interact in social or personal situations
- Problems with personal hygiene
- Repetitive behavior
- Withdrawal from social interaction
Emotional changes:
- Abrupt mood changes
- Decreased interest in daily living activities
- Failure to recognize changes in behavior
- Failure to show emotional warmth, concern, empathy, sympathy
- Inappropriate mood
- Not caring about events or environment
Language changes:
- Can't speak (mutism)
- Decreased ability to read or write
- Difficulty finding a word
- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech (aphasia)
- Repeat anything spoken to them (echolalia)
- Shrinking vocabulary
- Weak, uncoordinated speech sounds
Neurological problems:
- Increased muscle tone (rigidity)
- Memory loss that gets worse
- Movement/coordination difficulties (apraxia)
- Weakness
Other problems:
Exams and Tests
The doctor will ask you about your medical history and symptoms.
Your health care provider might order tests to help rule out other causes of dementia, including dementia due to metabolic causes. These tests can include:
- Assessment of the mind and behavior (neuropsychological assessment)
- Brain MRI
- Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- Examination of the brain and nervous system (neurological exam)
- Examination of the fluid around the central nervous system (cerebrospinal fluid) after a lumbar puncture
- Head CT scan
- Psychological studies
- Tests of sensation, thinking and reasoning (cognitive function), and motor function
A brain biopsy is the only test that can confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for Pick's disease. Certain antidepressants may help manage mood swings related to Pick's disease, but further research is needed.
Sometimes patients with Pick's take the same medications used to treat other types of dementia, such as medications that decrease the breakdown of the chemical messenger, acetylcholine (anticholinesterase inhibitors), and memantine (Namenda).
In some cases, stopping or changing medications that worsen confusion or that are not essential can improve thinking and other cognitive functions. This may include medications such as:
- Analgesics
- Anticholinergics
- Central nervous system depressants
- Cimetidine
- Lidocaine
It's important to treat any disorders that contribute to confusion. These may include:
- Anemia
- Decreased oxygen (hypoxia)
- Heart failure
- Infections
- Nutritional disorders
- Thyroid disorders
- Psychiatric conditions such as depression
Treating any medical and psychiatric disorders often helps improve mental function.
Medications may be needed to control aggressive, dangerous, or agitated behaviors.
Some patients may need hearing-aids, glasses, cataract surgery, or other treatments.
Behavior modification can help some people control unacceptable or dangerous behaviors. This consists of rewarding appropriate or positive behaviors and ignoring inappropriate behaviors (when it's safe to do so).
Formal psychotherapy treatment doesn't always work, because it can cause further confusion or disorientation.
Reality orientation, which reinforces environmental and other cues, may help reduce disorientation.
Depending on the symptoms and severity of the disease, the patient might need monitoring and help with personal hygiene and self-care. Eventually, there may be a need for 24-hour care and monitoring at home or in a special facility. Family counseling can help the person cope with the changes needed for home care.
Care may include:
- Adult protective services
- Community resources
- Homemakers
- Visiting nurses or aides
- Volunteer services
People may need legal advice early in the course of the disorder. Advance directives, power of attorney, and other legal actions can make it easier to make ethical decisions regarding the care of the person with Pick's disease.
Support Groups
Some communities may have support groups (such as the Alzheimer's - support group, elder care - support group, or others).
Outlook (Prognosis)
The disorder quickly and steadily becomes worse. Patients become totally disabled early in the course of the disease.
Commonly, Pick's disease causes death within 2 - 10 years, usually from infection and sometimes from general failure of the body systems.
Possible Complications
- Abuse by an over-stressed caregiver
- Infection
- Loss of ability to care for self or perform normal activities
- Loss of ability to interact with others
- Progressive loss of ability to function
- Side effects of medications used to treat the disorder
- Reduced life span
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call your health care provider if you develop symptoms of Pick's disease.
Call your health care provider or go to the emergency room if mental function gets worse (which may mean that another disorder has developed).
Prevention
There is no known prevention.
References
Moore DP, Jefferson JW. Handbook of Medical Psychiatry. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2004.
Pierce JM. Pick's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003 Feb;74(2):169.
Grossman M. Frontotemporal dementia: a review. J Intl Neuropsychol Soc. 2002;8:566-583.
Grossman M. Progressive aphasic syndromes: clinical and theoretical advances. Curr Opin Neurol. 2002;15:1-5.
McKhann G, Albert M, Grossman M, Miller B, Dickson D, Trojanowski J. Clinical and pathological diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia. Arch Neurology. 2001;58:1803-1809.
Goetz CG. Goetz: Textbook of Clinical Neurology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 2007.
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